10 Incredible African Dog Breeds You Need to Meet

It should come as no surprise that Africa’s considerable and diverse landmass is home to a variety of dog breeds, each as unique and exceptional as the part of the continent they’re from. And with fascinating quirks and qualities, we can’t help but fall in love with these free-spirited canines.

10 Incredible African Dog Breeds

1. Basenji
2. Boerboel
3. Rhodesian Ridgeback
4. Sloughi
5. Azawakh
6. Chinese Crested
7. Coton De Tulear
8. Saluki
9. Africanis
10. Aidi

1. Basenji

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Though numerous qualities make the Basenji so special, the fact that they are thought to truly be the only ancient African dog breed is perhaps the most impressive. Relatively small in size (around 11 kg), these dogs are famous for the fact that they have awesomely twisty tails, high intelligence, and don’t really bark. Just be sure to keep them occupied, as these canines are prone to be escape artists and have destructive behaviour when bored.

2. Boerboel

Hailing from South Africa, the Boerboel’s origins are still a bit of a mystery. They’re thought to be part Mastiff (brought over by the Dutch) and native African dog. What is clear is that they’re large, powerful, and unmistakably handsome. When socialised and trained well, these dogs make incredible family guard dogs (they generally love kids), and they’re happiest when they’re given some space to play—so perhaps not the best choice for urban apartment living.

3. Rhodesian Ridgeback

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Powerful and playful, this dog was originally bred to hunt large game in Africa (including lions), which is why they were previously called African Lion Hounds. They’re considered loyal, intelligent and (fairly) obedient companions, but it is essential to socialise and train these dogs early on since they’re notoriously strong-willed and stubborn. Ideal for an active household, Rhodesian Ridgebacks make the perfect partner for jogging or hiking enthusiasts, as they tend to have a lot of energy to burn.

4. Sloughi

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Originally from an area that includes Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya, this African Sighthound breed is a graceful dog that is built to run. Nicknamed the ‘Arabian Greyhound’, they used their speed to hunt gazelle, wild pigs, and fox back in the day. They’ll still require ample exercise every day from their owners, although they’re happy to laze around the house for periods as well. Known to be a bit aloof with strangers, they are affectionate to loved ones and tend to get very attached.

5. Azawakh

Another African Sighthound, the Azawakh initially called the southern Sahara and the Sahel zone home. Greatly appreciated by the nomads who first kept them, these dogs were treated like members of the family and took their job protecting the settlements and hunting game (like gazelle and wild boar) very seriously. Fine-limbed but strong, this breed responds best to positive, reward-based training. 

6. Chinese Crested

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Though their exact origin isn’t certain, the Chinese Crested is said to have originated in Africa, where they supposedly evolved from large hairless dogs. Once these dogs were brought to China, their size was reduced through breeding, leaving us with the quirky, diminutive appearance we see today. Regardless of how they actually began, one thing is sure: these dogs are a delight. Sweet-tempered, loving and playful, they’re incredibly intelligent and fun to train, but also perfectly happy to just kick back with the family indoors.

7. Coton De Tulear

Though they may look a bit like a Maltese, this tiny breed is wonderful in their own way. Named after their place of origin (Tulear, Madagascar), these dogs have puffy, cotton-like fur that will require a little extra attention if you don’t want some nightmarish tangles on your hands. Friendly, playful, and easy to exercise, these dogs are ideal for families with children. And with a long life expectancy (up to 16 years), you’ll hopefully have plenty of years to spend together.

8. Saluki

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With slim, elegant bodies and warm, oval-shaped eyes, it’s really no wonder that the beauty of Salukis has been praised for thousands of years. It’s essential to exercise this breed daily, plus offer plenty of mental stimulation and training—they’re known for destructive behaviour if they’re unhappy or bored. Considered a favourite breed of kings, nothing will make you feel more like royalty than inviting this dignified (and adaptable) dog into your home.

9. Africanis

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Considered a blanket term for a variety of non-specific dogs of Southern African descent, this breed’s origins go back to the dogs that travelled into Africa with Neolithic herdsmen from the Middle East. Known for being hearty and healthy, the Africanis will be at their best when given plenty of opportunities to run, play and explore. With a strong instinct for guarding (thanks to centuries of protecting human settlements and livestock), this breed makes family loyalty a priority.

10. Aidi

This ‘Atlas Mountain Dog’ originated in Morocco, where it helped guard livestock with tribespeople. Known to be a bit…territorial, this breed definitely needs early and extensive socialisation and training—otherwise, their wild instincts tend to take over. Their thick, soft coat and attractive colour and markings also set them apart and make them a handsome addition to the family.